External Intervention: Assessing the Impact of International Involvement on Fragile States

External intervention often plays a critical role in the stability and development of fragile states. This analysis delves into the rankings of countries most affected by international involvement, based on the Fragile States Index.

Which countries face the highest levels of external intervention?

Countries like Syria, Ukraine, Palestine, and the Solomon Islands rank at the top (10), indicating significant international involvement, often linked to geopolitical conflicts or humanitarian crises.

Top 10 countries with the highest levels of external intervention

1. Syria – 10
1. Ukraine – 10
1. Palestine – 10
1. Solomon Islands – 10
2. Micronesia – 9.8
3. Samoa – 9.7
4. Haiti – 9.6
5. Mali – 9.5
6. Central African Republic – 9.4
7. Libya – 9.3

How does external intervention affect fragile states?

External intervention can have mixed impacts. While it may stabilize regions through peacekeeping or humanitarian aid, it can also lead to dependency, undermine sovereignty, and exacerbate conflicts if not carefully managed.

What factors lead to high external intervention?

Factors include civil wars, geopolitical interests, humanitarian crises, and the presence of valuable resources. Fragile governance structures often necessitate international involvement to manage these challenges.

Which regions experience the most external intervention?

Regions such as the Middle East, Africa, and parts of the Pacific experience significant external involvement due to ongoing conflicts, resource-driven interests, and international aid requirements.

What are the consequences of prolonged international involvement?

Prolonged involvement can lead to dependency, loss of autonomy, and potential resentment among local populations. However, in some cases, it contributes to rebuilding efforts and long-term stability.

How can fragile states reduce reliance on external intervention?

Strengthening governance, investing in infrastructure, and fostering inclusive policies can reduce reliance on external actors. International organizations can play a supportive role by promoting sustainable development initiatives.

Which countries face minimal external intervention?

Countries such as Austria (0.3), Switzerland (0.4), and New Zealand (0.5) experience minimal external intervention, benefiting from strong governance and stable geopolitical contexts.

What role do international organizations play in fragile states?

Organizations like the UN and NGOs provide critical support in humanitarian aid, conflict resolution, and capacity building. However, their presence must align with local needs and promote long-term resilience.

How does external intervention align with global stability efforts?

External intervention often aligns with broader goals of global stability, addressing conflicts, preventing spillovers, and ensuring that fragile states do not destabilize neighboring regions.

What are examples of successful interventions in fragile states?

Examples include peacekeeping missions in Liberia and post-conflict recovery efforts in Sierra Leone. These interventions emphasize the importance of local ownership and international coordination.

External Intervention in Fragile States By Country June 2022 (Index, June 2022)

Country Index
1 Syria 10
1 Ukraine 10
1 Palestine 10
1 Solomon Islands 10
2 Micronesia 9.8
3 Samoa 9.7
4 Haiti 9.6
5 Mali 9.5
6 Central African Republic 9.4
7 Libya 9.3
8 Yemen 9.2
8 South Sudan 9.2
9 Somalia 9.1
9 DR Congo 9.1
10 North Korea 8.9
11 Burkina Faso 8.7
12 Lebanon 8.3
12 Pakistan 8.3
12 Cyprus 8.3
13 Sudan 8.1
13 Ethiopia 8.1
14 Timor-Leste 8
14 Belarus 8
15 Chad 7.9
15 Iraq 7.9
15 Sri Lanka 7.9
15 Cape Verde 7.9
16 Mozambique 7.8
16 Azerbaijan 7.8
17 Afghanistan 7.7
17 Russia 7.7
18 Burundi 7.6
18 Djibouti 7.6
19 Liberia 7.5
19 Malawi 7.5
20 Niger 7.4
21 Myanmar 7.3
21 Uganda 7.3
21 Sao Tome and Principe 7.3
22 Guinea 7.2
22 Guinea 7.2
22 Ivory Coast 7.2
23 Serbia 7.1
23 Greece 7.1
24 Cambodia 7
24 Bosnia and Herzegovina 7
24 Armenia 7
25 Kenya 6.9
26 Lesotho 6.8
26 Georgia 6.8
26 Seychelles 6.8
27 Zimbabwe 6.7
28 Eritrea 6.6
28 Fiji 6.6
29 Egypt 6.5
29 Bhutan 6.5
30 Cameroon 6.4
30 Moldova 6.4
31 Turkey 6.3
31 Honduras 6.3
31 Kyrgyzstan 6.3
31 Montenegro 6.3
32 Mauritania 6.2
32 Comoros 6.2
32 Zambia 6.2
32 Nicaragua 6.2
33 Iran 6.1
33 Sierra Leone 6.1
33 Guyana 6.1
33 Belize 6.1
33 Antigua and Barbuda 6.1
34 Tanzania 6
34 Mongolia 6
35 Nepal 5.9
35 Jordan 5.9
35 Grenada 5.9
36 Republic of the Congo 5.8
37 Venezuela 5.7
37 Rwanda 5.7
37 Qatar 5.7
38 Nigeria 5.6
38 Maldives 5.6
39 Gambia 5.5
39 Ghana 5.5
39 Albania 5.5
39 Barbados 5.5
40 Philippines 5.4
41 Togo 5.3
41 Bahrain 5.3
42 Madagascar 5
42 Papua New Guinea 5
42 El Salvador 5
43 Colombia 4.9
43 Benin 4.9
43 Senegal 4.9
43 North Macedonia 4.9
44 Israel 4.8
44 Lithuania 4.8
45 Laos 4.7
45 Tajikistan 4.7
46 Bangladesh 4.6
46 Morocco 4.6
46 Tunisia 4.6
46 Namibia 4.6
47 Ecuador 4.5
47 Jamaica 4.5
47 Croatia 4.5
48 Suriname 4.4
48 Cuba 4.4
48 Romania 4.4
49 Saudi Arabia 4.1
49 Bahamas 4.1
49 Oman 4.1
50 Angola 4
50 Bolivia 4
50 Mexico 4
51 India 3.9
51 Gabon 3.9
51 Hungary 3.9
52 South Korea 3.8
53 Indonesia 3.7
53 Vietnam 3.7
53 Bulgaria 3.7
53 Argentina 3.7
53 Estonia 3.7
54 Equatorial Guinea 3.6
54 Dominican Republic 3.6
55 Costa Rica 3.5
56 Guatemala 3.4
56 Uzbekistan 3.4
57 Trinidad and Tobago 3.3
58 Paraguay 3.2
58 Italy 3.2
59 South Africa 3.1
59 Algeria 3.1
59 Kazakhstan 3.1
59 Brunei 3.1
60 Brazil 3
60 Kuwait 3
61 Mauritius 2.9
62 Poland 2.8
63 Latvia 2.7
63 Czech Republic 2.7
64 Uruguay 2.6
64 Iceland 2.6
65 Malta 2.5
65 Portugal 2.5
66 Turkmenistan 2.3
66 Botswana 2.3
67 China 2.1
67 Slovakia 2.1
68 Thailand 2
68 Malaysia 2
68 Japan 2
69 Peru 1.8
69 Panama 1.8
69 United Arab Emirates 1.8
70 Spain 1.3
70 United Kingdom 1.3
71 Chile 1.1
71 Slovenia 1.1
72 United States 1
72 Belgium 1
72 Ireland 1
72 Finland 1
73 Germany 0.8
74 Denmark 0.6
75 France 0.5
75 Sweden 0.5
75 New Zealand 0.5
75 Norway 0.5
76 Singapore 0.4
76 Australia 0.4
76 Netherlands 0.4
76 Luxembourg 0.4
76 Canada 0.4
76 Switzerland 0.4
77 Austria 0.3

Data from Fund For Peace

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